TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane)
A flexible, rubber-like polymer with excellent impact absorption and abrasion resistance. TPU enables printed seals, gaskets, shoe midsoles, and vibration dampers that require elastomeric performance.
About TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane)
Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is an elastomeric polymer available in a range of shore hardness values, typically 80A to 95A for AM grades. It combines rubber-like flexibility with thermoplastic processability — parts can be sintered (SLS), fused (MJF), or extruded (FDM).
SLS and MJF produce the most consistent TPU parts with isotropic properties. FDM-printed TPU is viable but requires direct-drive extruders and careful speed/retraction tuning to manage the material's flexibility during feeding.
AM-specific TPU applications include lattice-based cushioning structures (e.g., shoe midsoles), custom gaskets, vibration isolators, and conformable grips. Lattice design enables tunable mechanical response — a single material can produce different stiffness zones by varying the lattice geometry.
Typical Applications
- Shoe midsoles and insoles
- Custom gaskets and seals
- Vibration dampers and isolators
- Protective cases and bumpers
- Medical orthotics and wearables
- Grips and ergonomic handles
Engineering Considerations
- FDM printing requires direct-drive extruder and slow speeds
- SLS/MJF deliver significantly better isotropy and consistency
- Lattice design unlocks tunable mechanical response — key differentiator for AM TPU
- Limited colour options in SLS/MJF — dyeing is possible post-print